Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) present a substantial challenge in postoperative patient management, contributing to prolonged hospitalization, escalated healthcare expenses, and heightened morbidity. This study sought to identify the factors influencing surgical site infections among postoperative patients in the surgical unit of the Federal Medical Centre Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 6,503 surgical patients over the period spanning from 2015 to October Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were employed to identify the factors influencing surgical site infections. Variables with a P-value <0.05were considered statistically significant, and the strength of association was expressed through odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). During the study period, a total of 6,503 patients with surgical concerns were admitted to the hospital, all of whom provided consent and were included in the analysis. Findings of the demographic characteristics shows that majority of the respondents are young age group within ages 15 – 47years(46.5%), female (54.5%), employed (37.1%) with tertiary education (34.8%).The predicting likelihood factors that influence SSI complication are: middle age group were likely 3 times prone to SSI complication compared to other age as at last birthday (P< 0.05, Odd ratio- 2.71, CI: 6.72 – 0.10). Also, retirees were 2 times likely to be prone to SSI complication compared other group in the occupation (P< 0.05, Odd ratio- 2.21, CI: 4.92 – 1.66). Likewise, no formal education was 1 time likely to be prone to SSI complication compared other group in the education (P< 0.05, Odd ratio- 1.16, CI: 2.70 – 0.04). This study reveals that there is high prevalence rate at of surgical site infection with more not complicate cases of SSI in 2019 (93.9%) and complicated cases in 2015 (40.9%) and majority of respondents use steroid in 2019(3.7%), with history of smoking in 2018 (7.3%), hypovolemia in 2016 (2.5%), and history of diabetes in 2019 (4.5 %). Also, majority of respondents use immunosuppressive agents in 2016 (2.3%), prior infection to surgery in 2015 (9.3%), has formation of hematoma in 2019 (4.5%), It was discovered that majority of respondents’ overall duration of peri operative surgical scrub is 3 – 6 minutes (64.5%), the duration of surgery is >120 minutes (40.4%) and the duration of hospital stay is >15 days (36.3%). This study indicates that majority of the surgery performed from 2015 to 2019were successful(99.2%) The result shows that there was a significant association between age, gender, occupation and education were associated with SSI complication with significant value lesser than 0.05. In conclusion, from the results obtained through this study, the researcher, therefore, recommends that, government through the Ministry of Health should prioritize the management of Diabetes mellitus by carrying out public awareness campaigns and available medications for treating diabetes and other co-morbidity. The concerned bodies should focus on WHO surgical safety protocol and appropriately manage co morbidity to mitigate problem of SSI. It is expedient to apply infection prevention and control practices tailored towards prevention of SSI in specified health-care settings. Further study should be conducted on the prevalence, associated factory, bacterial aetiologies and antibiotic susceptibility patterns to address the emerging and gradually evolving nature of antimicrobial resistance.
- GABRIEL | EKEYI | . | gabrielekeyi@gmail.com. | 08030888350
- Predicting; Factors; Surgical Site Infection; Post Operative Patients
- PREDICTORS OF SURGICAL SITE INFECTION AMONGST
